- Some types of CHARTS useful for statistics -

Bar/Column, Stacked/Grouped bar chart
Histogram
Pie chart,  circle chart (multilevel, exploded, S-Pie, Ring)
Doughnut chart
Waffle Charts, Square pie chart
Polar area diagram
Line chart, line plot, curve chart
Scatter, scattergrams, scatteplot, Q-Q PLot, Volcano plot
Box plot
Dot plot 
Probability plot
Biplot
Bubble chart
Manhattan plot
Area chart, area graph, stacked area chart
Rug Plot
Pareto chart
Run Chart, run-sequence plot
Gauges (Rating meter, Speedometer, Linear, Cylinder, Leds, Thermometer, Bulb, ....) 
Radar chart, web chart, spider chart, spider web chart, star chart,star plot, cobweb chart,   irregular polygon, polar chart, Kiviat diagram
Pictogram, pictogramme, pictograph, picto
Mosaic plot, Marimekko diagram, Mekko charts
Waterfall chart, flying bricks chart, Mario chart, bridge
Cartesian
Word Cloud Chart
Population pyramids
Map (Point map, Flow Map, Heatmap, ...)
Cartogram
Surface
Treemap
Rectangular tree diagrams 
Sunburst (hierarchical)
Frame diagram
Funnel plot
Galbraith plot
Forest plot, blobbogram
Streamgraph
Vowel chart
Strip chart
GapChart
Stock
Candlestick chart
Kagi chart
Sparkline